1 NXP LS1028A RDB

Contents

1.1 Board Overview

The LS1028A reference design board (RDB) is a computing, evaluation, and development platform that supports industrial IoT applications, human machine interface solutions, and industrial networking.

Fig. 1.29 NXP LS1028A RDB Front View

Fig. 1.30 NXP LS1028A RDB Back View

1.1.1 Photos

Fig. 1.31 NXP LS1028A RDB PCB

1.1.2 Specification

Table 1.16 NXP LS1028A RDB Specification

Model	NXP LS1028A RDB
Processor	Layerscape LS1028A Dual-core processor based on Cortex-A72 64 bits frequency up to 1.5 GHz ECC on internal L1, L2 caches for high-reliability applications
Memory	4 GiB DDR4 SDRAM w/ECC 32-bit DDR4 bus at data rates up to 1600 MT/s
Storage	256 MB QSPI NOR flash 512 MB QSPI NAND flash 8 GB eMMC SDHC port connected to full-size SD card slot
USB	1 × Type A USB 3.0 super-speed port 1 × Type C USB 3.0 super-speed port
Video	1 × DisplayPort interface
Ethernet	1 × Gigabit Ethernet support w/TSN, 1588 4 × Gigabit Ethernet switch support w/TSN, 1588 (QSGMII)
Basic Peripherals and Interconnect	2 × M.2 Type E slots with PCIe Gen 3.0 x1 1 × M.2 Type B slot with SATA 3.0 (resistor mux with 1 Type E slot) 2 × DB9 RS232 serial ports 2 × DB9 CAN interfaces 1 × 3.5 mm audio output 2 × MikroBUS sockets
Power	12V/5A DC input jack

1.2 Build Targets

1.2.1 Machines

Table 1.17 Supported Machines

Board[1]	Target YAML[2]	Machine[3]	Target Recipe(s)[4]	Running Media[5]	Installation Media[6]
NXP LS1028A RDB	ls1028ardb-sd.yml	ls1028ardb-sd	tanowrt-image-full-swu	SD card	–
	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	ls1028ardb-emmc	tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory	internal eMMC	SD card

[1]

Target board.

[2]

Target YAML-file located in the kas/targets directory.

[3]

Target machine name stored in the MACHINE BitBake variable for selected Target YAML.

[4]

Recipes that will be built by default for the target. In Section 1.2.2, you can find list of supported recipes for the target images, which you can build in addition to the default recipes using optional --target option in build command (see Section 1.4).

[5]

External or internal data storage where the TanoWrt operating system is running.

[6]

External storage device for which an installation image is generated. When booting from the Installation Media, the TanoWrt system is installed on the Running Media storage.

1.2.2 Images

Table 1.18 Supported Images

Read-Only Root Filesystem Image	Recipe[7]	Supported by Target(s)	Description
tanowrt-image-full	tanowrt-image-full	All	Standard TanoWrt image.
	tanowrt-image-full-swu	All	Standard TanoWrt image and firmware upgrade image. When building this image, tanowrt-image-full will also be built as dependency.
	tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	Factory installation image for standard TanoWrt . image. When building this image, tanowrt-image-full and tanowrt-image-full-swu will also be built as dependencies.
tanowrt-image-qt5	tanowrt-image-qt5	All	Standard TanoWrt image with Qt5 support.
	tanowrt-image-qt5-swu	All	Standard TanoWrt image with Qt5 support and firmware upgrade image. When building this image, tanowrt-image-qt5 will also be built as dependency.
	tanowrt-image-qt5-swu-factory	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	Factory installation image for standard TanoWrt image with Qt5 support. When building this image, tanowrt-image-qt5 and tanowrt-image-qt5-swu will also be built as dependencies.

[7]

Image recipe name. This name can be used as argument for --target build command option (see Section 1.4 section).

1.3 Boot Sequence Selection

DIP switches SW2[1:4] on the LS1028A RDB board are used to select the boot source. The DIP switches settings for all supported boot sources are shown in the figure and table below.

Fig. 1.32 NXP LS1028A RDB Boot Source Selection

Also you can switch the boot source in runtime from the U-Boot command line using the command qixis_reset:

• qixis_reset sd — switch to SDHC1 (SD Card);

• qixis_reset emmc — switch to SDHC2 (eMMC);

• qixis_reset — switch to XSPI (NOR).

1.4 Build

Please read the common information on how to perform a TanoWrt images build and preparing the build environment in section “Building TanoWrt”.

See also

• See section Section 1.2.1 to select the required target YAML file (<target-yml>).

• See section Section 1.2.2 to select the required root filesystem image recipe (<target-recipe>).

• See section Section 1.6 for detailed information about the produced build artifacts.

1.4.1 Examples

1.4.1.1 Build Default Images for NXP LS1028A RDB Board

For SD Card

$ kas build targets/kas/ls1028ardb-sd.yml

Default images will be produced to boot and run from the SD card on the NXP LS1028A RDB target board.

For Internal eMMC Flash

$ kas build targets/kas/ls1028ardb-emmc.yml

An initial factory installation image will be generated, intended to run from the SD card. The installer image will install the default image to the internal eMMC flash memory and further the NXP LS1028A RDB board will boot and run from the eMMC flash memory.

1.4.1.2 Build Image with Qt5 Support for NXP LS1028A RDB Board

For Internal eMMC Flash

$ kas build --target tanowrt-image-qt5-swu-factory targets/kas/ls1028ardb-emmc.yml

An initial factory installation image will be generated, intended to run from the SD card. The installer image will install the default image to the internal eMMC flash memory and further the NXP LS1028A RDB board will boot and run from the eMMC flash memory.

1.5 Partitioning Layouts

1.5.1 SD Card

The partitioning and data layout of the SD card image for the LS1028A RDB board are shown in the figure below.

Fig. 1.33 NXP LS1028A RDB Partitions Layout for SD Card

1.5.2 eMMC

The partitioning and data layout of the eMMC image for the LS1028A RDB board are shown in the figure below.

Fig. 1.34 NXP LS1028A RDB Partitions Layout for eMMC

1.6 Produced Build Artifacts

All produced build artifacts are stored in the ~/tanowrt/build/tanowrt-glibc/deploy/images/<MACHINE> directory. Refer to table Produced Build Artifacts for a description of some common (not all) build artifacts.

Table 1.19 Produced Build Artifacts

Artifact	Target(s)	Description
Firmware Blobs
ls1028a-dp-fw.bin	All	DisplayPort firmware binary blob
rcw.bin	All	RCW binary blob
ppa.itb	All	PPA firmware binary blob
Bootloader (U-Boot)
startup-<MACHINE>.img	All	U-Boot startup script.
startup-factory-<MACHINE>.img	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	U-Boot startup script for factory installation image.
u-boot-initial-env-<MACHINE>-sdcard-defconfig	All	U-Boot initial environment image for SD card image.
u-boot-initial-env-<MACHINE>-emmc-defconfig	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	U-Boot initial environment image for internal eMMC flash.
u-boot-<MACHINE>.bin-sdcard-defconfig	All	U-Boot binary image for booting from SD card.
u-boot-<MACHINE>.bin-emmc-defconfig	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	U-Boot binary image for booting from internal eMMC flash.
Linux Kernel and DTB
Image-<MACHINE>.bin	All	Linux kernel image
fitImage-<MACHINE>.bin	All	Flattened Image Tree (FIT) image with Linux kernel and Device Tree Blobs (DTB).
fitImage-<MACHINE>.ext4	All	FIT image packed into an ext4 file system image.
fsl-ls1028a-rdb.dtb	All	Target Device Tree Blob (DTB).
tano-mkb004lw.dtbo	All	Device Tree Blob (DTB) overlay for Tano Systems MKB004LW mikroBUS module.
fitImage-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-<MACHINE>.ext4	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	FIT image for SWU factory installation image with initramfs image.
Images
<rootfs-image>-<MACHINE>.sdcard.img	ls1028ardb-sd.yml	SD card image including all required partitions for booting and running the system. This image is ready to be written to the SD card using the dd utility or similar (see Writing Images).
<rootfs-image>-swu-factory-<MACHINE>.sdcard.img	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	SD card factory installation image. This image is ready to be written to the SD card using the dd utility or similar (see Writing Images).
tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-<MACHINE>.cpio.gz	ls1028ardb-emmc.yml	Root filesystem initramfs image for factory installtion image. This image is included in fitImage-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-<MACHINE>.ext4.
<rootfs-image>-<MACHINE>.squashfs-lzo	All	Root filesystem image (squashfs with LZO compression).
<rootfs-image>-swu-<MACHINE>.swu	All	Firmware upgrade image.

Note

<MACHINE> in the artifacts path and artifact file names are replaced by the actual value of the MACHINE BitBake variable for the chosen target. <rootfs-image> is replaced by the actual read-only root filesystem image name.

For example, below is the lists of artifacts produced by the ls1028ardb-emmc.yml and ls1028ardb-sd.yml target builds. There are two types of listings here — a complete listing, and a reduced listing without the symbolic links display.

Build Artifacts Listings for ls1028ardb-sd.yml Target

ReducedComplete

[~/tanowrt/build/tanowrt-glibc/deploy/images/ls1028ardb-sd]$ ls -gGh | grep -v -e "^l"
total 1.1G
drwxr-xr-x 2   60 Jul 24 19:32 dp
-rw-r--r-- 2  14M Jul 24 19:32 fitImage--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  17M Jul 24 19:32 fitImage-5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2 2.4K Jul 24 19:32 fitImage-its--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.its
-rw-r--r-- 2  14M Jul 24 19:32 fitImage-linux.bin--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  17M Jul 24 19:32 fitImage-ls1028ardb-sd.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  26K Jul 24 19:32 fsl-ls1028a-rdb--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.dtb
-rw-r--r-- 2  35M Jul 24 19:32 Image--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  43M Jul 24 19:32 Image-5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  43M Jul 24 19:32 Image-ls1028ardb-sd.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2 161M Jul 24 19:32 modules--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 2  51K Jul 24 19:32 ppa.itb
drwxr-xr-x 3   60 Jul 24 19:32 rcw
-rw-r--r-- 2 3.1K Jul 24 19:32 startup.img
-rw-r--r-- 2   17 Jul 24 19:32 startup.img.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 1012 Jul 24 19:32 tano-mkb004lw--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.dtbo
-rw-r--r-- 2 5.1K Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full.env
-rw-r--r-- 2 106M Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.ext4.gz
-rw-r--r-- 2 117K Jul 24 19:34 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.manifest
-rw-r--r-- 2 939M Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.sdcard.img
-rw-r--r-- 2 116M Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.squashfs-lzo
-rw-r--r-- 2 107M Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 2   24 Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.rootfs.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 375K Jul 24 19:34 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.testdata.json
-rw-r--r-- 2 3.7K Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-sdimage-ls1028ardb-swu-a-b.wks
-rw-r--r-- 2 134M Jul 24 19:35 tanowrt-image-full-swu-ls1028ardb-sd-20220724163125.swu
-rw-r--r-- 2  297 Jul 24 16:42 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-sd-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1
-rw-r--r-- 2 8.0K Jul 24 16:42 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-sd-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2 667K Jul 24 16:42 u-boot-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin

Build Artifacts Listings for ls1028ardb-emmc.yml Target

ReducedComplete

[~/tanowrt/build/tanowrt-glibc/deploy/images/ls1028ardb-emmc]$ ls -gGh | grep -v -e "^l"
total 1010M
drwxr-xr-x 2   60 Jul 24 16:56 dp
-rw-r--r-- 2  14M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  17M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2 2.4K Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-its--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.its
-rw-r--r-- 2 3.1K Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-its-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.its
-rw-r--r-- 2  14M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-linux.bin--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  17M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  27M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  22M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  27M Jul 24 17:04 fitImage-tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  26K Jul 24 17:04 fsl-ls1028a-rdb--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.dtb
-rw-r--r-- 2  35M Jul 24 17:04 Image--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  43M Jul 24 17:04 Image-5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2  43M Jul 24 17:04 Image-ls1028ardb-emmc.ext4
-rw-r--r-- 2 161M Jul 24 17:04 modules--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 2  52K Jul 24 16:56 ppa.itb
drwxr-xr-x 3   60 Jul 24 16:56 rcw
-rw-r--r-- 2 2.0K Jul 24 16:58 startup-factory.img
-rw-r--r-- 2   17 Jul 24 16:58 startup-factory.img.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 3.1K Jul 24 16:58 startup.img
-rw-r--r-- 2   17 Jul 24 16:58 startup.img.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 1012 Jul 24 17:04 tano-mkb004lw--5.4.3-rt1-tano0.2.12.20.0.7-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.dtbo
-rw-r--r-- 2 106M Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.ext4.gz
-rw-r--r-- 2 118K Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.manifest
-rw-r--r-- 2 115M Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.squashfs-lzo
-rw-r--r-- 2 106M Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 2   24 Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 375K Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.testdata.json
-rw-r--r-- 2 5.8K Jul 24 17:03 tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory.env
-rw-r--r-- 2 169M Jul 24 17:06 tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.sdcard.img
-rw-r--r-- 2 1.4K Jul 24 17:03 tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory-sdimage-ls1028ardb-swu-factory.wks
-rw-r--r-- 2 133M Jul 24 17:05 tanowrt-image-full-swu-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.swu
-rw-r--r-- 2 8.3M Jul 24 17:04 tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.cpio.gz
-rw-r--r-- 2 3.0K Jul 24 17:04 tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.manifest
-rw-r--r-- 2   24 Jul 24 17:04 tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.rootfs.version
-rw-r--r-- 2 382K Jul 24 17:04 tanowrt-image-initramfs-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc-20220724135405.testdata.json
-rw-r--r-- 2 667K Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-emmc-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  297 Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-emmc-emmc-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1
-rw-r--r-- 2 8.0K Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-emmc-emmc-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2  297 Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-emmc-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1
-rw-r--r-- 2 8.0K Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-initial-env-ls1028ardb-emmc-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin
-rw-r--r-- 2 667K Jul 24 16:56 u-boot-sdcard-defconfig-2018.03-r0.nxp1.bin

1.7 Writing Images

1.7.1 Writing Image to SD Card

No special information about writing images to microSD card for NXP LS1028A RDB board. See common instructions in Writing Images to SD Card or USB Flash Drive section.

Examples

Writing factory installation image for the ls1028ardb-emmc.yml target to the SD card /dev/mmcblk1:

$ dd if=tanowrt-image-full-swu-factory-ls1028ardb-emmc.sdcard.img of=/dev/mmcblk1

Writing bootable card image for the ls1028ardb-sd.yml target to the SD card /dev/mmcblk1:

$ dd if=tanowrt-image-full-ls1028ardb-sd.sdcard.img of=/dev/mmcblk1

1.7.2 Writing Image to eMMC Flash

For the initial flashing of the internal eMMC memory it is recommended to use the special image of the initial factory installation. If you choose a build target (see Build Targets for details) that assumes using the factory installation image for the initial flashing of the device, a factory installation image (<rootfs-image>-swu-factory-<MACHINE>.sdcard.img) will be automatically generated during the build process (see Build). To write the factory installation image to a SD card, follow the instructions from Writing Images to SD Card or USB Flash Drive section.

When you boot device from the prepaired SD card with factory installation image the installation of TanoWrt to the internal eMMC flash memory will be done automatically. The detailed installation log is available on the debug UART. After the installation is complete, the board will reboots automatically. When the device is rebooted, the installed system will be booted from the internal eMMC flash memory.

Caution

Be aware that during the installation all existing data on the internal eMMC flash memory will be permanently lost.

1.8 Booting and Running

1.8.1 Booting from SD Card

1. Power off board

2. Change boot source to SDHC1 (SD Card). See Boot Sequence Selection for details.

3. Insert the prepared SD card into the slot on the LS1028A RDB board

4. Power on board.

5. TanoWrt will be booting from SD card.

6. Log in to system using default credentials.

1.8.2 Booting from Internal eMMC Flash

1. Power off board

2. Change boot source to SDHC2 (eMMC). See Boot Sequence Selection for details.

3. Power on board.

4. TanoWrt will be booting from internal eMMC.

5. Log in to system using default credentials.

1.9 Serial Console

Connect one end of the DB9F-to-USB Type A cable to the UART1 DB9 connector available on chassis front panel (see NXP LS1028A RDB Front View figure) and the other end of the cable to the USB port of the host machine. This connection allows you to make a console connection between the board and host computer to see the console output.

The default serial console settings for NXP LS1028A RDB for U-Boot and kernel are described in the table below.

Parameter	Value
Baudrate	115200
Data bits	8
Stop bits	1
Parity	none
Flow control	none

1.10 Default Network Configuration

Fig. 1.35 NXP LS1028A RDB Default Network Configuration

By default, network ports SWP0, SWP1, SWP2 and SWP3 are joined into a bridge (br-lan interface) with the RSTP protocol enabled. Bridge br-lan is in the LAN firewall zone. By default, the IP address on the br-lan bridge is configured using a DHCP client.

To see obtained IP configuration for LAN network use the following command:

[root@tanowrt ~]# ifstatus lan | jsonfilter -e '@["ipv4-address"][0].address'
192.168.10.132

In this example, the device got the IP address 192.168.10.132 via DHCP on LAN interface (bridge br-lan).

The network port MAC0 (interface eno0) is a separate network interface included in the WAN firewall zone with enabled translation (NAT) from LAN zone. The IP address of the eno0 interface is also configured with a DHCP client. A firewall with blocking rules for incoming traffic is enabled on the eno0 interface. Therefore, there is no access to the web configuration interface through this interface.

To see obtained IP configuration for WAN network use the following command:

[root@tanowrt ~]# ifstatus wan | jsonfilter -e '@["ipv4-address"][0].address'
10.10.0.168

In this example, the device got the IP address 10.10.0.168 via DHCP on the WAN interface (eno0).

Ethernet ports SWP0 (swp0), SWP1 (swp1), SWP2 (swp2), SWP3 (swp3) and MAC0 (eno0) have enabled LLDP by default.

1.11 Web User Interface

The WebUI can be accessed via any Ethernet port bridged to LAN network through HTTP(s) protocol. You must see something like this in browser:

Fig. 1.36 LuCI WebUI Login Page

Fig. 1.37 LuCI WebUI Overview Page

1.12 Firmware Upgrade

No special information about firmware upgrade. Use produced .swu artifact for upgrading running system.

See also

See common instructions in Firmware Upgrade section.

1.13 References

1. https://www.nxp.com/design/qoriq-developer-resources/ls1028a-development-board:LS1028ARDB